Tree Guide

Choosing the right trees and plants for your community depends largely on the general climate of the area as well as the specific microclimate of your planting site. Thus, there is no absolute guide to what species to plant, only general guidelines.
Here are some criteria to keep in mind when selecting species and types of plants. You can find additional information on the Resources page about specific tree species.

Water consumption

Water use is a significant concern for most areas in California. Choose trees or native plants that are adapted to the local rainfall patterns. In general, it is possible to increase vegetation without increasing water usage.

Research has shown that lawns consume more water than trees, which consume more water than shrubbery and groundcover.[1] So increasing total vegetation while decreasing lawn area can actually reduce water usage. Even shading lawns with trees and plants can decrease water usage.

Tree shape

The shape of a tree’s canopy is important to specific locations. Columnar trees fit well in narrow spaces. Meanwhile, vase-shaped trees like elms are good for providing a shady canopy for streets and walls.

An elm tree (left) is an example of a vase-shaped tree that can provide good shade for streets and pedestrian areas. The tulip tree (right) is an example of column-shaped tree. Photo credit: Smaginnis11565 & Imatrukman (Flickr)

Tree height and location

When planting at a distance from a building, tall trees are ideal as they will cast a long shadow. When planting close to a building, trees with broad canopies will provide better shade. These trees are also better for parking lots and plazas, as they will cast larger shade areas.

Maintenance

Different trees require different levels of maintenance, including pruning and protection against disease and pests. On average, maintenance makes up 40 percent of the budget of a tree program, according to the American Forestry Association.[2] Tree selection, proper planting, and good landscaping can help lower the need for maintenance. Working with local horticulturists or arborists can help reduce maintenance costs significantly.

Diversity

Growing only a single species (monoculture) can have many negative ecological impacts. A diversity of plants helps to reduce susceptibility from disease and insects and increase support for local wildlife.

Native plants

Native plants help to support the local ecology and provide food and shelter for native wildlife. They are also better adapted to local climate patterns so can reduce maintenance for watering and pest control.

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